Reward-Based Training Methods: Luring, Capturing, and Shaping

Little Ziggy learning to sit by learning.

As a professional dog trainer specializing in Board and Train programs in Vancouver and the Lower Mainland, I advocate for reward-based training methods. These methods are not only effective but also foster a positive and trusting relationship between you and your dog. In this blog, we'll explore three core techniques: Luring, Capturing, and Shaping.

Luring

Luring involves guiding your dog into a desired position using a treat. Think of it as "steering" your dog with a treat to achieve the behaviour you want. This method often yields quick results and is a primary technique in our training programs.

How to Lure Your Dog

Lure with a Treat: Hold a treat in front of your dog's nose and move it to guide them into the desired position. For instance, to teach a sit, hold the treat close to their nose and slowly move it back over their head. As they follow the treat, their rear will naturally lower to the ground.

Mark and Reinforce: The moment your dog sits, mark the behaviour with a clicker or a verbal marker like "Yes," then reward them with the treat.

Add a Cue: Once your dog consistently performs the behaviour with the lure, introduce the verbal cue. Say "Sit" before you lure and reinforce the behaviour.

Fade the Lure: Gradually reduce the use of the treat to guide your dog. Say "Sit," and if needed, use a hand gesture without the treat. Reward your dog once they sit. Over time, your dog will respond to the verbal cue without needing the lure.

Capturing

Capturing is all about marking and reinforcing natural behaviours your dog offers on their own. This method does not involve any prompting or guidance from you.

How to Capture Behaviors

Observe and Mark: Pay attention to behaviours your dog naturally performs, like sitting or lying down quietly. Use a clicker or a verbal marker to capture the behaviour as it happens.

Reinforce with a Treat: Immediately reward your dog after marking the behaviour. Consistency is key; the more you capture and reward the behaviour, the more likely your dog will offer it again.

Introduce a Cue: Once your dog frequently performs the behaviour, start adding a verbal cue. For example, when your dog sits on their own, say "Sit" and then reward them. Over time, your dog will associate the cue with the behaviour.

Tip

Capturing is an excellent way to reinforce beneficial behaviours. For instance, if your dog lies down quietly, mark and reward it. Consistently capturing and reinforcing calm behaviours encourages your dog to offer them more often.

Shaping

Shaping breaks down a behaviour into small, manageable steps, allowing your dog to learn incrementally. This method empowers your dog to think and make decisions, resulting in more durable learning.

How to Shape Behaviors

Start Small: Begin by rewarding any small action that approximates the final behaviour. For example, if teaching your dog to target, reward them for looking at or moving towards the target.

Build Gradually: Increase your criteria slowly. Once your dog reliably performs the initial step, wait for a slightly closer approximation before marking and rewarding.

Reinforce Incrementally: Continue to mark and reward each small step towards the final behaviour. Be patient and let your dog progress at their own pace.

Combine Steps: As your dog masters each step, start combining them to form the complete behaviour. This approach not only teaches the behaviour but also encourages your dog to think and problem-solve.

Examples of Shaping

In our training programs, we use shaping for various behaviours such as Targeting, Crate Fun, Collar On, and Waiting for Meals. Shaping makes training engaging and fun, as it allows your dog to take an active role in their learning process.

Conclusion

Luring, Capturing, and Shaping are powerful reward-based training methods that can transform your dog's behaviour while strengthening your bond. By using these techniques, you create a positive learning environment where your dog can thrive. Remember, consistency and patience are crucial. Celebrate each small victory, and enjoy the journey of training your dog!

If you have any questions or need personalized training advice, feel free to reach out. Together, we can help your dog become the best version of themselves.